ANOMALIES ASSOCIATED WITH OMPHALOCELES

1. Chromosomal Anomalies.
2. Genitourinary (40%).
• Bladder extrophy.
• Cloacal exstrophy.
3. Cardiac (16-47%).
• VSD.
• ASD.
• Tetralogy of Fallot.
• Ectopia cordis in pentalogy of Cantrell.
• Double outlet RV.
4. Neural tube defects (4-39%).
• Holoprosencephaly.
• Encephalocele.
• Cerebellar hypoplasia.
5. IUGR (20%).
6. Beckwith-Weidermann Syndrome (10%).
7. Gastrointestinal Tract.
• Intestinal atresia (vascular compromise).
• Malrotation.
• Abnormal liver fixation.
• Esophageal atresia.
• Facial cleft.
• Diaphragmatic hernia.
8. Limb-body wall deficiency.
9. Cystic Hygroma.