SYNDACTYLY

• Often bilateral and usually occurs between the long and ring fingers.
• 80% are spontaneous and a family history is present in 10% of cases.
• Males:Females = 2:1 (1).

CLASSIFICATION

1. Complete - Involved digits united as far as the digital phalanx.
2. Incomplete - United further than the mid-point of the proximal phalanx but short of the distal phalanx.
3. Complex - Bony union exists between the involved digits.
4. Simple - Soft tissue + no bony union between the involved digits
5. Acrosyndactyly - Fusion between the more distal portions of the digits. There is always some proximal fenestration from dorsal to palmar surfaces.

Bony syndactyly between 4^th and 5^th digits
Syndactyly of the feet

ETIOLOGY

1. Poland syndrome.
2. Acrocephalosyndactylies.
• Carpenters syndrome.
• Apert syndrome.
3. Mesomelic dyslasia (Werner type).
4. TAR syndrome.
5. Jarcho-Levin syndrome.
6. Roberts syndrome.
7. Otopalatodigital syndrome type II.
8. Holt-Oram.

REFERENCES

1. Bronshtein M, Stahl S, Zimmer EZ. Transvaginal sonographic diagnosis of fetal finger abnormalities in early gestation. J Ultrasound Med 1995;14:591-595.